Labor & Management Relations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Work and Management Relations - Research Paper Example Concerning workers, the activity showcase in the United States has been flipped around over the most recent few years, as a significant consequence of the financial disturbance confronting the nation (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011). As indicated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2011), the normal joblessness rate over the United States stayed consistent for February and March 2011 at an expected 8.8%. Consequently, while working for an organization like Wal-Mart may not be perfect, it might be one of only a handful scarcely any types of business that numerous Americans can make sure about under the current financial conditions confronting the nation today (Glasmeier, 2006). Lamentably, the retailer is exploiting the urgency of clients and representatives. In staying a significant power in the retail business, picking up power through the monetary emergency on different levels, the genuine expenses behind its low costs are unquestionably not a piece of the organization’s pl ugged promoting methodology (MSNBC, 2005). ... These clients don't should be caused to feel severely about their shopping experience, Wal-Mart has an open door that they are neglecting to figure it out. Now, they have a huge piece of the overall industry, which will in all probability come back to what it was before the 2008 monetary breakdown, in the following couple of years when the economy skips once again from its short destruction; in view of recorded information (Microsoft, 2011). In any case, without actualizing a preparation program that drives client dependability through worker fulfillment, Wal-Mart can possibly lose their critical addition, to contenders like Target, when joblessness rates are down and the economy is blasting indeed (Microsoft, 2011). Hence, this paper will inspect the numerous reports of government law infringement and unsuitable human rights measures to which the enormous box retailer has gotten acclimated in its season of financial thrive and fleeting force. As indicated by Cram (2005), â€Å"In 2 002, 43 unmistakable charges were documented against Wal-Mart for infringement of the National Labor Relations Act and since 1995, 60 protests have been recorded against Wal-Mart with the National Labor Relations Board.† in light of these charges, this paper will likewise suggest usage of a preparation venture that will at last assistance to improve the picture of Wal-Mart according to its most significant resources, its HR. Appraisal The quantity of representative grievances and claims against Wal-Mart for its poor, and now and again illicit, work and worker relations rehearses that have been consistently ascending all through the previous decade, makes this issue deserving of tending to; especially at the neighborhood level where supervisors have

Beowulf Embodies the Values of Anglo Saxon Society Free Essays

The Anglo-Saxon individuals, who administered England up until the Norman victory, were made out of warlike Nordic and Germanic people groups. They slid from the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. They esteemed fearlessness, quality and want for acclaim and greatness and promise to acquiring it (like the goals with respect to distinction and respect embraced by Homers Achilles). We will compose a custom article test on Beowulf Embodies the Values of Anglo Saxon Society or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now They likewise esteemed liberality and the security of others. The primary worth, boldness, is continually scrutinized in obscurity and perilous universe of Beowulf. This world was loaded up with beasts and hindrances to kill or survive. Beowulf himself is supposed to be the most grounded man on earth around then, and the manner in which he wrestled Grendel easily, while such a large number of others had fizzled, demonstrated that he had a sort of superhuman physical quality. His longing for popularity and his promise to getting it was additionally exceptionally solid, he had a colossal measure of self control and was resolved to win himself a name. Much after he was acclaimed all through the known world for his deeds, he despite everything was not yet fulfilled. After he had taken on in numerous conflicts and spared the Danes from Grendel and Grendel’s mother he was as yet not content. He fought the mythical beast, which was his most noteworthy achievement, and verification of his mental fortitude and sheer gallantry. Despite the fact that it very well may be deciphered as a proof of mental fortitude, one could likewise take a gander at it as stupidity, a man’s egotistical want to pick up greatness, significantly after he has been immersed with it. Be that as it may, the Anglo-Saxon idea of self-centeredness was far less obscure than our own. Their concept of liberality was helping companions and partners, particularly in type of presents for chivalric acts. He slew the monster and Grendel mostly in light of the fact that he needed to ensure the Danes and his own kin from these two monstrosities, however he was likewise roused by a longing for wonder. Beowulf himself was indifferent to the idea of death, he expressed it ordinarily all through the sonnet, a fine model is his discourse before battling Grendel. In any case, he is fixated on his inheritance and his name, which is a higher priority than life itself to him and the other Anglo-Saxons. For instance, the slave in Beowulf’s campaign to kill the mythical beast isn't even in the headcount because of his ancestry and rank. Acclaim is a piece of building the respectable family name and rank. Social portability was genuinely high among the warrior class in Beowulfs times, much like it was in the Roman armies. A decent name and the measure of gold decides a warrior’s rank, the universe of Beowulf, for the warriors in any event, is a meritocracy. The most effective method to refer to Beowulf Embodies the Values of Anglo Saxon Society, Essay models

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 Research Paper

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 - Research Paper Example For example; diabetes can be identified first through an eye assessment (Lavine, 2001). Prior to affirmation of the patient, it is critical to introduce a far reaching archive containing the history and test discoveries of the patient. Also, a clinical arrangement ought to be laid out in tending to the issue which prompted emergency clinic visit by the patient. In the report, the data ought to be orchestrated in an intelligent request. The information that has quick important data about the patient’s conditions ought to be given need. This data is essential to the clinical specialist co-ops that will take care of this specific patient. At long last, this archive is critical for clinical purposes (Blanco et al., 2002). Jessica, 32 years woman, has encountered a reduction of vision in her left eye. The condition began toward the beginning of today and it has exacerbated continuously in the course of recent hours. Before, a month back, she had obscuring of her vision. She has been encountering some agony when attempting to move her eye. At the point when the eye is refreshed there is no such agony. She additionally has issue of deciding hues. The condition just came and it was not activated by introduction to synthetic substances. The eyes don't give any indication of redness or tearing. In her contention, she feels that past condition is identified with the current condition. Moreover, she has seen that the issue may be identified with overheating since the vision improved when she went to a cool condition. She has consistently been genuinely sound. It is just in her youth that at 10 years she had chickenpox. She likewise had tonsillectomy at age 11. She has never been hospitalized previously. It has likewise been noticed that her dad had coronary supply route ailment and her mom experienced hypertension. Right now she has no other clinical issues. In the region of instruction and profession; she is a prepared arithmetic instructor at undergrad

Critical Evaluation Liability Multitier Supply Chains - 1375 Words

Critical Evaluation: Chain Liability in Multitier Supply Chains (Case Study Sample) Content: NameCourseTutorDateCritical Evaluation of the article titled, Chain liability in multitier supply chains? Responsibility attributions for unsustainable supplier behavior IntroductionThe article titled Chain liability in multitier supply chains? Responsibility attributions for unsustainable supplier behavior,  written by Julia Hartmanna and Sabine Moeller, discusses the concept through which consumers hold corporation responsible for the flawed behavior of their upstream partners, particularly the suppliers and the distributors. This phenomenon is referred to as chain liability  and it assumes that the firms are the ones responsible rather than their contracted business partners. Thus, the study broad objective is to investigate the impacts of such consumer responsibility attributions whilst generates insights into the antecedents of this subject matter. The scholars assert that firms should work to ensure acceptable behavior throughout the supply and distrib ution chain, to protect their reputation and evade chain liability (Hartmann and Sabine 2). The writer of this paper reviews this article as well as the authors' main arguments. Also, the paper presents a critical analysis of this study by focusing on areas of strengths and weakness of the methodologies adopted. Finally, recommendations of how the noted poor methodologies can be improved are suggested.Summary of the ArticleThe study is underpinned by the affirmation that customers protest when they publicly realize that the firm's products are linked with either suppliers or distributors that engage in licentious behaviors. The unacceptable behavior by the upstream business partners stems the notion of chain liability.  The overall goal of the study was to examine the antecedents and impacts of consumer protests as a result of unsustainable behavior by the upstream partners. Data was gathered from four survey experiments that were vignette-based. Detailed analysis of the data est ablished that the impact of chain liability increases if the supply firm is engaged in environmental degradation activities. Again, this situation is often caused by supplier or distributor behavior rather than force majeure. The study also established that chain liability arises as result of a company decision and not of decision made by an individual employee. Finally, the impacts of these indecent behaviors by upstream partners have far-reaching consequences on the performance of the business. Other factors that facilitate chain liability include strategic value of the supplied product, existence of poor environmental management systems in the supply firm, corporation size, and the firm's distance from the supplier. This phenomenon also creates strong risks, especially to the focal company; higher chain liability results to an increased consumer' protest and predisposition to boycott the product. The study concludes by proposing that firms should strive to ensure upstream partner s have sustainable to protect them from chain liability.Critical EvaluationFirst, this article draws great strength from the fact that study was conducted recently-in 2014. Consequently, it shows that the findings in the article are reliable and valid. Moreover, it is a peer-reviewed Operational Management Journal. It means that the authors submitted this piece of writing to professionals in the field of operational management for assessment on its validity and accuracy. Furthermore, the scholars took a very important step of ensuring the work was not only of high-quality but also up-to-date by using current external sources. These bibliography materials underpinned several arguments, concepts, and propositions throughout the research work. Notable also is that the adopted citation style is consistent. This shows that that the writers credited other people's work. Markedly, The American Psychological Association, often abbreviated as APA, is the pre-dominant citation style throughou t the manuscript. For this reason, it can be argued the article contents are relevant and very reliable.Secondly, the title mirrors the research content presented in the article. Throughout the text, the authors lay much focus responsibility attributions for unsustainable supplier behavior.. However, the writers fail to offer a detailed review of existing literature regarding this subject question. In point of fact, the literature review information is very scanty since it is only covered in four pages. It is paramount to conduct an extensive review of the existing related works since it provides the conceptual and theoretical framework of the study, a fundamental component in any concrete research. Again, the authors lay a lot of in the data collection and analysis section, rather than sectioning the various parts evenly. For this reason, I strongly hold the view that the findings are possibly biased and incomplete.However, I opine that there is flawed understanding of the concept and use exaggerated and unsubstantiated claims. For instance, lack of clear knowledge to differentiate between the focal firms and the upstream business partners, particularly when dealing with the issue of issues of unsustainable behaviors among the consumers and chain liability. It is challenging for an average person o differentiate between focal firm and upstream business partners. This is because the words are too technical and only business experts can unravel their meaning. Again, the discussion only focused on suppliers yet there are many other upstream partners that are known to cause chain liability- for example, distributors and other business contractors. As afore-noted, the broad objective of the study was to investigate the impacts of consumer protests as a result of unsustainable behavior by the upstream partners. However, the discussion narrowed down one determinant; the suppliers. Besides, I refute the claim that it is the responsibility of detecting any shortcoming s arising from their supplier's indecent behaviors primarily lies on the focal firm. In my view, this claim is unsubstantiated since the act of identifying unsustainable behavior is a collaborative task that calls for mitigation measures from several stakeholders including the government, community, and other business associates. In overall, the inclusion of such claims denotes that the research was not founded on concrete and substantive basis.Additionally, the technique used for data gathering was inefficient. Worth noting, the study only used one primary method to collect data. In particular, data was collected using the survey method-four vignette-based survey experiments with three samples (Hartmann and Sabine 11). The vignettes described a buying firm that had been engaged in a supply chain interaction with at least one supplying company. Each survey reported an incident of environmental pollution in each supplying firm. This apparently resulted to its unsustainable behavior. After the respondents read the vignettes, they responded to a series of survey questions. It is critical to gather data from both the secondary and primary sources. The secondary data collection techniques that could have been used included the use of use of books, journals, articles, and internet sources. However, since the collected data First hand data was drawn from an original source (1s...

Movie Analysis Hyper Real Essay - 1689 Words

Essay 1: A. Author Chris Pallant describes Pixar Animations aesthetic style as â€Å"hyper-real.† What does he mean by that expression? How does it speak to inherent properties of cinema as a medium? How does this create a bridge to Disney’s traditional style of cel animation? Hyper-realism is used to describe Pixar’s animation style and how it uses CGI, non-human point of view shots, and similarities to live-action cinematography in order to create a tension between the real and the wondrous. There is an emphasis to use new technology to create a world that looks sort of realistic, however Pixar tries to balance this with making their film look distinctly animated and separate from the real world. Ultimately, the animation style retains a lifelike feel without ever being fully phot-realistic. Much like the illusion of life found in Disney films of the 1930s, there is a certain uncanny appeal to hyper-realism. Hyper-realism speaks to inherent properties of cinema as a medium by allowing the audience to experience shots and camera angles that are lost by cel animation which doesn’t allow the camera to move freely around it’s subjects like typical films. Thanks to the CGI found in Pixar films, the story can be told more through cinematography instead of relying entirely on the mise-en-scene like previous Disney films. For example, when Buzz and Woody are captured by the mean kid next door, Sid, and taken back to his house. The camera shows the point of view of the toys, a shotShow MoreRelatedA Bug s Life, Sociology, Race, Social Stratification, Relationships1708 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper explains how the movie A Bug’s Life used sociological concepts to explain the challenges faced in an animated society of ants. They were overwhelmed with fear from the grasshoppers who constantly reminded them of their inferior class. Coming together and building relationships wi th one another was their only way out of their own demise. Stopping the grasshoppers from continuously using their race as a way to place them all within a low-class category. Despite their manipulative ways andRead More Stan the man kubrick Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pagesagain, it is not simply a case of good/bad; if anything I think you could say that the system taps into our dark side and in some cases (for whatever unusual, particular cases you are focusing in on, i.e. hyper masculinity in Ripper’s case; an already dehumanized, artificial world {and apparently hyper masculinity and power if all the phallic symbols Alex is associated with is any indication, i.e. mask, car, Beethoven, etc.} and then the overt reconstruction by the system {science, the state} in Alex’sRead MoreThe Dark Knight Is Not A Superhero Movie1224 Words   |  5 Pageshero movie? After 9-11 Hollywood has adopted terrorism like scenes into many of its movies. Almost every scene, In the Dark K night, involves terrorism. However many label the movie a superhero movie. The Dark Knight is not a superhero movie, in-fact it’s a very realistic portrayal of terrorism in our society. Batman is the main protagonist in the Dark Knight and is widely considered a superhero. However Nolan does not portray the batman known from the DC universe. Nolan portrays a hyper realisticRead MoreThe Hobbit : The Battle Of The Five Armies1333 Words   |  6 Pagescharacters in movies. The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies is not an exception, many of the characters display diagnosable psychological concepts. To simplify analysis due to paper length restrictions focus will be placed on one of the main characters in the movie: Thorin Oakenshield. First, a brief synopsis will be provided for the movie, next, interpretation of the characters state of mind will be given with connection to specific psychological concepts will be broken down and compared to its officialRead MoreEssay on Special Effects: Simulation in Cinema by Temengua Trifonova1084 Words   |  5 Pagesphenomena. The ecological message of the movie was overshadowed by the hyper realistic EFX. The audience is s o mesmerized by the smoke and mirrors that they are not engaging in a critical evaluation of the film. In addition, the fantastic worlds are so well fabricated that aspects of the alternate reality are being absorbed and incorporated into contemporary culture as valid and natural. The movie going experience has become an exercise not in analysis but in passive indoctrination reaffirmingRead MoreFreud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development Applied to Finding Nemo1746 Words   |  7 Pagesperson’s analysis. The views range from the founder or real first known one to study this subject Freud, to people that took his views and went in a different direction. Some of the more relevant psychologist is Skinner and Rotter who have taken personal psychology to greater depths and studies. All the people that study the personality of psychology have taken one another’s views and either agreed with them and added to it, or didn’t agree at all and made changes to make their own analysis, and everythingRead MoreMovie Analysis – a Beautiful Mind1439 Words   |  6 PagesMovie Analysis – A Beautiful Mind A Beautiful Mind is a true story based on the life of John Forbes Nash, the mathematical genius who, while a graduate at Princeton University in the 1940s, discovered a principle equation that changed economic theory. But his extraordinary career was sidetracked by his struggle with schizophrenia, almost destroying his family and himself. The irony of his predicament was that the drugs that kept his psychosis in check also prevented him from thinking coherentlyRead MoreCinderella, Pretty Woman and Feminism 1410 Words   |  6 Pagesdramatically changed. This film has fairy tale elements, but the biggest element in the movie is the use of sex; Vivian, the main character, is a prostitute. She meets her â€Å"prince† and is swept off of her feet, but what this really means is that she is bought for an entire week by a handsome, wealthy business man. One would assume that he was buying her for sex, but this is not your average prostitute transaction. This movie has a lot of third wave feminism ideals. Third wave feminism deals with using theRead MoreFight Club, Hypermasculinity and Misogyny Essay1032 Words   |  5 Pagesthree on the special edition DVD featuring author Chuck Palahniuk and screenwriter Jim Uhls is fantastic and can help the reader understand the motivations of the characters much better if they havent read the book.) What is the Motivation of the Hyper-masculinity of Fight Club? How much do you know about yourself if youve never been in a fight--Tyler Durden, Fight Club The question posed by Tyler to the unnamed narrator, (from here on, referred to as `Jack) may seem brutish on the surfaceRead MoreCommon Masculine Themes of Superheroes Explained in Complex Masculinities: The Superhero in Modern American Movies1256 Words   |  6 Pagesaroused when it is media who is the deciding factor in institutionalizing masculinity. When looking at the surface of a superhero movie, dominant hegemonic characteristics are the epitome of the superhero and reflect the roles and values society holds of a â€Å"real man†. But, further insight as to why superheroes are constructed as they are, reflect society’s insecurities of real issues the public deals with; the post 9/11 world is relieved when faced with an unrealistic masculine superhero that repeatedly

The Houston Equal Rights Ordinance - 1536 Words

Introduction HERO, the Houston Equal Rights Ordinance, according to the City of Houston Equal Rights Ordinance (2014), covers nondiscrimination against sex, race, color, ethnicity, national origin, age, familial status, marital status, military status, religion, disability, sexual orientation, genetic information, gender identity, and pregnancy. The ordinance lists sections of protection within city services and employment, contracting with the city, public accommodations, private employment, and housing (Exh A, 2014). (Ord. No. 2014-530,  § 2(Exh A), 5-28-2014) Although the ordinance protects several classes of people within five separate categories, the ordinance became the policy in favor of men in women’s bathrooms. With a lot of attention on transgender people within the last year alone, the media was able to manipulate public perception by focusing on one aspect of the ordinance. Many Houstonians, still weary of the LGBTQ community and ill-informed, were fully against the ordinance, claiming to defend their women and children against predators. Voters believed the ordinance created an open door for sex crime to increase in the city. Consequently, the ordinance failed to pass with a 60% opposing vote. The ordinance for equality should have passed, however, Houstonians focused only on their false perceptions and myths of sexual predators, such as strangers and queers. HERO initial policy Openly gay mayor Annise Parker introduced the ordinance April 2014. Because theShow MoreRelatedThe Houston Equal Rights Ordinance1371 Words   |  6 Pageson the same page as other major cities across the United States, motions were made over a year ago in Houston to pass an equal rights, anti-discrimination ordinance known as the Houston Equal Rights Ordinance (HERO). At last a decision was made, and on November 3rd, 2015, HERO was struck down by 61 percent of the voters by referendum (Fernandez). The premise of the anti-discrimination ordinance is similar to those of other cities across the nation; to prevent discrimination on the bases of 15 differentRead MoreHate Speech Should Be Made Illegal1351 Words   |  6 Pagesthe person or group speaking out of hatred. This type of rhetoric has taken many forms and had many sources over the years. Other examples include public anger towards Muslims after the terrorist attacks of 9/11, much of the debate about the Civ il Rights movement in the ‘60s, and even comments by current presidential candidates all can be considered hate speech. As much as this type of hurtful language is instantly and historically detested it is still protected by the 1st Amendment to the US ConstitutionRead MoreOverview Of The LGBTQ Community914 Words   |  4 Pagesdisturbance or Gender dysphoria. Although, things have changed for the greater good, much work is yet to be done to increase inclusion and recognition for the LGBTQ community. â€Å" In November 2015, voters in Houston, the fourth most populous city in the United States, rejected an equal rights ordinance that would have protected citizens against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity, among other classes (Hoy-Ellis, Ator, Kerr Milford, p. 56, 2016). although some discriminationRead MoreThe Liberties Of The Aclu1639 Words   |  7 Pagesweek of the arrest. Travis’s traumatic interaction with SFPD highlights the civil rights and liberties violations that Black Americans and other people of color face every day at the hands of local law enforcement in California and across the nation. We must demand equal protection in the face of economic inequality. The rights we fight for every day are only meaningful when they are accessible to everyone. Equal protection under the law is not contingent on one’s ability to pay. Yet all over theRead MoreThe Struggle Of The Civil War1492 Words   |  6 Pagesother southern states that supported slavery, had a vested interest in preserving the institution at all costs, which is why they risked their lives over it. Moreover, Texans may argue that the civil war was about states’ rights or defense of the southern â€Å"way of life.† States’ rights, though part of the equation, played a diminished role as a whole in prompting the Civil War. Furthermore, because it revolved mostly around slavery, the southern â€Å"way of life† became an indirect cause of the war. The CivilRead MoreThe Constitution And The United States1483 Words   |  6 Pagesthe power to recall which gives the ability to remove elected members. The power of initiative in which voters can approve measures drafted by a citizen to become law. The power of referendum, which includes the approval of the certain existing ordinance. 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In fact, in 2015, in response to a proposed equal rights ordinance that would include gender identity, the Campaign for Houston group launched an advertisement campaign that used propaganda to link the ordinance to sex offenders gaining access to women’s bathrooms (2015). This campaign was so effective that the ordinance failed to pass, and similar campaigns are starting to crop up in other states. This type of group-serving biasRead More Hate Crimes and The Mit chell v. Wisconsin Decision Essay example5764 Words   |  24 PagesHate Crimes and The Mitchell v. Wisconsin Decision The American Heritage Dictionary defines hate as intense dislike or animosity. However, defining hate as the basis for a crime is not as easy without possibly jeopardizing constitutional rights in the process. Hate crime laws generally add enhanced punishments to existing statues. A hate crime law seeks to treat a crime, if it can be demonstrated that the offense was a hate crime differently from the way it would be treated under ordinary criminalRead MoreThe Low-Paid and Living Wage Movement: To Get the Labor’s Right1819 Words   |  8 Pagesknow what kinds of situations low-wage people are facing. In a book, Nickel and Dimed, Barbara Ehrenreich reports the low-wage people’s lives that stay in deep poverty. She frankly expressed lives of them who are in place where there are no human rights. Barbara Ehrenreich explains working environments of low-wage people in her book. She stayed in three different states and worked as one of low-wage people, such as waitress, hotel maid, house cleaner, nursing–home aide, and Wal-Mart associate. There

Banks free essay sample

# 1052 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1079 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; # 1056 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1060 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1052 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1043 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1091 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; # 1059 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1055 ; # 1077 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; . # 1048 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1072 ; # 1060 ; # 1105 ; # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1060 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1101 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1078 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1056 ; # 1077 ; # 1092 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1040 ; # 1085 ; # 1075 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1091 ; # 1103 ; # 1079 ; # 1099 ; # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; : Banks # 1042 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; : # 1055 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1050 ; . # 1042 ; . # 1055 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; : # 1052 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1042 ; . # 1043 ; . # 1052 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; 2011 What is the Banks History? Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich metropoliss in the North like Florence, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi households dominated banking in fourteenth century Florence, set uping subdivisions in many other parts of Europe. Possibly the most celebrated Italian bank was the Medici bank, set up by Giovanni Medici in 1397. The earliest known province sedimentation bank, Banco di San Giorgio ( Bank of St. George ) , was founded in 1407 at Genoa, Italy. Banks can be traced back to antediluvian times even before money when temples were used to hive away trade goods. During the third century AD, Bankss in Persia and other districts in the Iranian Sassanid Empire issued letters of recognition known as # 7778 ; akks. Moslem bargainers are known to hold used the check or # 7779 ; akk system since the clip of Harun al-Rashid ( 9th century ) of the Abbasid Caliphate. In the ninth century, a Muslim man of affairs could hard currency an early signifier of the check in China drawn on beginnings in Baghdad, a tradition that was significantly strengthened in the 13th and 14th centuries, during the Mongol Empire. Fragments found in the Cairo Geniza indicate that in the twelfth century checks unusually similar to our ain were in usage, merely smaller to salvage costs on the paper. They contain a amount to be paid and so the order May so and so pay the carrier such and such an sum . The day of the month and name of the issuer are besides evident. Beginning of the word The word bank was borrowed in Middle English from Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, from Old High German banc, bank bench, counter . Benches were used as desks or exchange counters during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to do their minutess atop desks covered by green tablecloths The earliest grounds of money-changing activity is depicted on a Ag Greek dram coin from ancient Hellenic settlement Trapezus on the Black Sea, modern Trabzon, c. 350 # 8211 ; 325 BC, presented in the British Museum in London. The coin shows a banker s tabular array ( trapeza ) laden with coins, a wordplay on the name of the metropolis. In fact, even today in Modern Greek the word Trapeza ( # 932 ; # 961 ; # 940 ; # 960 ; # 949 ; # 950 ; # 945 ; ) means both a tabular array and a bank. What is a bank? Harmonizing to Britannica, a bank is: an establishment that trades in money and its replacements and provides other fiscal services. Banks accept sedimentations and do loans and deduce a net income from the difference in the involvement rates paid and charged, severally. Banks are critical to our economic system. The primary map of Bankss is to set their history holders money to utilize by imparting it out to others who can so utilize it to purchase places, concerns, send childs to college When you deposit your money in the bank, your money goes into a large pool of money along with everyone else s, and your history is credited with the sum of your sedimentation. When you write cheques or do backdowns, that sum is deducted from your history balance. Interest you earn on your balance is besides added to your history. Banks create money in the economic system by doing loans. The sum of money that Bankss can impart is straight affected by the modesty demand set by the Federal Reserve. The modesty demand is presently 3 per centum to 10 per centum of a bank s entire sedimentations. This sum can be held either in hard currency on manus or in the bank s modesty history with the Fed. To see how this affects the economic system, think about it like this. When a bank gets a sedimentation of $ 100, presuming a modesty demand of 10 per centum, the bank can so impart out $ 90. That $ 90 goes back into the economic system, buying goods or services, and normally ends up deposited in another bank. That bank can so impart out $ 81 of that $ 90 sedimentation, and that $ 81 goes into the economic system to buy goods or services and finally is deposited into another bank that proceeds to impart out a per centum of it. In this manner, money grows and flows throughout the community in a much greater sum than physically exists. That $ 100 makes a much larger rippling in the economic system than you may recognize! Why does it work? Banking is all about trust. We trust that the bank will hold our money for us when we go to acquire it. We trust that it will honour the cheques we write to pay our measures. The thing that s difficult to hold on is the fact that while people are seting money into the bank every twenty-four hours, the bank is imparting that same money and more to other people every twenty-four hours. Banks systematically extend more recognition than they have hard currency. That s a small chilling ; but if you go to the bank and demand your money, you ll acquire it. However, if everyone goes to the bank at the same clip and demands their money ( a tally on the bank ) , there might be job. Even though the Federal Reserve Act requires that Bankss maintain a certain per centum of their money in modesty, if everyone came to retreat their money at the same clip, there would nt be plenty. In the event of a bank failure, your money is protected every bit long as the bank is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ( FDIC ) . The key to the success of banking, nevertheless, still lies in the assurance that consumers have in the bank s ability to turn and protect their money. Because Bankss rely so to a great extent on consumer trust, and trust depends on the perceptual experience of unity, the banking industry is extremely regulated by the authorities. Types of Banks There are several types of banking establishments, and ab initio they were rather distinguishable. Commercial Bankss were originally set up to supply services for concerns. Now, most commercial Bankss offer histories to everyone. Savingss Bankss, nest eggs and loans, concerted Bankss and recognition brotherhoods are really classified as thrift establishments. Each originally concentrated on meeting specific demands of people who were non covered by commercial Bankss. Savingss Bankss were originally founded in order to supply a topographic point for lower-income workers to salvage their money. Savingss and loan associations and concerted Bankss were established during the 1800s to do it possible for mill workers and other lower-income workers to purchase places. Credit brotherhoods were normally started by people who shared a common bond, like working at the same company ( normally a mill ) or populating in the same community. The recognition brotherhood s chief map was to supply exigency loans for people who could nt acquire loans from traditional loaners. These loans might be for things like medical costs or place fixs. Now, even though there is still a distinction between Bankss and thrifts, they offer many of the same services. Commercial Bankss can offer auto loans, thrift establishments can do commercial loans, and recognition brotherhoods offer mortgages! How do Bankss do money? Banks are merely like other concerns. Their merchandise merely happens to be money. Other concerns sell doodads or services ; Bankss sell money in the signifier of loans, certifications of sedimentation ( CDs ) and other fiscal merchandises. They make money on the involvement they charge on loans because that involvement is higher than the involvement they pay on depositors histories. The involvement rate a bank charges its borrowers depends on both the figure of people who want to borrow and the sum of money the bank has available to impart. As was mentioned in the old subdivision, the sum available to impart besides depends upon the modesty requirement the Federal Reserve Board has set. At the same clip, it may besides be affected by the financess rate, which is the involvement rate that Bankss charge each other for short-run loans to run into their modesty demands. Check out How the Fed Works for more on how the Fed influences the economic system. Lending money is besides inherently hazardous. A bank neer truly knows if it ll acquire that money back. Therefore, the riskier the loan the higher the involvement rate the bank charges. While paying involvement may non look to be a great fiscal move in some respects, it truly is a little monetary value to pay for utilizing person else s money. Im agine holding to salvage all of the money you needed in order to purchase a house. We would nt be able to purchase houses until we retired! Banks besides charge fees for services like look intoing, ATM entree and overdraft protection. Loans have their ain set of fees that go along with them. Another beginning of income for Bankss is investings and securities. Loans, Checks and Savingss Banks offer tonss of fiscal merchandises for their depositors. They offer look intoing histories, loans, certifications of sedimentations and money market histories, non to advert traditional nest eggs histories. Some besides allow you to put up single retirement histories ( IRAs ) and other retirement or instruction nest eggs histories. There are, of class, other types of histories being offered at Bankss across the state, but these are the most common 1s. What are the differences in these most common types of histories? Savingss histories The most common type of history, and likely the first history you of all time had, is a savings history. These histories normally require either a low minimal balance or have no minimal balance demand, and let you to maintain your money in a safe topographic point while it earns a little sum of involvement each month. In standard pattern, there are no limitations on when you can retreat your money. Checking histories This is another common history most everyone has. It s convenient because it lets you buy things without holding to worry about transporting the hard currency or utilizing a recognition card and paying its involvement. While most look intoing histories do non pay involvement, some do these are referred to as negotiable order of backdown ( NOW ) histories. Some say that cheques have been around since about 352 B.C. in the Roman Empire. It appears that cheques truly started going popular in Holland in the 1500 to 1600s. Dutch tellers provided an alternate to maintaining big sums of hard currency at place and agreed to keep depositors money for safekeeping. For a fee, they would pay the depositors debts from the history based on a note that the depositor would compose sounds a batch like a cheque! Today s Bankss do the same thing. It became a little more complicated when tonss of Bankss became involved and money needed to be shifted from one bank to the following. To do things easier, Bankss now have a system of cheque clearinghouses. Banks either send cheques through the Federal Reserve or utilize a private clearinghouse to reassign the financess and clear the cheque. Here is a diagram of how that works. Money market accounts A money market history ( MMA ) is an interest-earning nest eggs account with limited dealing privileges. You are normally limited to six transportations or backdowns per month, with no more than three minutess as cheques written against the history. The involvement rate paid on a money market history is normally higher than that of a regular bankbook nest eggs rate. Money market histories besides have a minimal balance demand. # 183 ; Certificates of sedimentation These are histories that allow you to set in a specific sum of money for a specific period of clip. In exchange for a higher involvement rate, you have to hold non to retreat the money for the continuance of the fixed clip period. The involvement rate alterations based on the length of clip you decide to go forth the money in the history. You ca nt compose cheques on certifications of sedimentation. This agreement non merely gives the bank money they can utilize for other intents, but it besides lets them cognize precisely how long they can utilize that money. # 183 ; Individual retirement histories and instruction nest eggs histories These types of histories require that you maintain your money in the bank until you reach a certain age or your child enters college. There can be punishments with these types of histories, nevertheless, if you use the money for something other than instruction, or if you withdraw the money prior to retirement age. bank money altering fiscal Banking in Russia Short History Prior to 1861, the growing of private nest eggs was limited by the fact that the bulk of Russia s population was composed of helot, agricultural labourers who were tied to the land and had few personal freedoms. The lone people likely to take advantage of personal nest eggs histories came from a little category of urban merchandisers and craftsmen. In 1862, there were merely 140,000 sedimentation histories numbering 8.5 million rubles in a state of 70 million people. After the abolishment of serfhood in 1861, savings histories became more widespread. Growth was peculiarly rapid in the eightiess, when the cardinal offices at the Central Bank were supplemented by regional offices at local exchequers and telegraph Stationss. Savingss offices opened in rural small towns every bit good as urban centres, taking to a sum of 4,000 subdivisions and two million single histories in 1895. Soviet period Soviet period In Vladimir Lenin s position, Bankss were an of import model for the edifice of a socialist society. He believed the ready-made large Bankss of capitalist economy could be converted into an effectual setup for province control of the economic system. However, banking activities land to a arrest in the pandemonium of the old ages instantly following the revolution. All commercial Bankss closed down in October 1917. Their staff received wages but were instructed non to execute any banking maps in the hope that economic palsy would convey down the Bolshevik government. Nevertheless, by the terminal of the twelvemonth, the Bolsheviks had succeeded in nationalising all commercial Bankss, directing armed withdrawals to busy their offices in Petrograd. While concern histories were confiscated, private nest eggs histories were respected. Commissar of Finance V. Menzhinsky ordered the re-establishment of the Department of Savings Offices. However, his attempts to keep the private nest eggs sy stem failed during the period of Revolution from 1918 to 1921. Throughout those old ages, farm and consumer goods were requisitioned, about all money was withdrawn from the economic system, and the exchange of goods operated on a swap system. Russian period Russian period The modern Russia inherited the banking system of the Soviet Union, with a few large province Bankss ( like Sberbank, Vneshekonombank, and Vneshtorgbank ) . After more than 15 old ages of reforms in Russia, there are now 1183 fiscal establishments with 3286 regional subdivisions. On March 22, 1991, the Central Bank of Russia established the process for the issue of securities by commercial Bankss. From that clip, Russian Bankss gained an mercantile establishment to the stock market. On April 2, 1991 the Regulations for Buying and Selling ( Transfering ) Currency Exports Abroad through Citizens Personal Fundss approved by the State Bank of the USSR entered into force. In this manner, the creative activity of the Russian foreign exchange market began. And on April 9, the first auctions on the State Bank s currency exchange were held. Ten commercial Bankss and one fiscal organisation took portion. Recognition and Debit cards At the terminal of 2008, there were 119 million bank cards in circulation in Russia. How can we make payments without hard currency money? # 183 ; Credit cards A recognition card is a little plastic card issued to users as a system of payment. It allows its holder to purchase goods and services based on the holder s promise to pay for these goods and services. [ 1 ] The issuer of the card creates a revolving history and grants a line of recognition to the consumer ( or the user ) from which the user can borrow money for payment to a merchandiser or as a hard currency progress to the user. # 183 ; Internet # 183 ; WEB money Information beginning 1. hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org 2. hypertext transfer protocol: //theunjustmedia.com 3. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pocumd.org 4. hypertext transfer protocol: //money.howstuffworks.com 5. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.infoplease.com 6. www.google.com Wordss and phrases Substitutes # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; make money # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1073 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1100 ; # 1075 ; # 1080 ; demand # 8211 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; , # 1085 ; # 1077 ; # 1086 ; # 1073 ; # 1093 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1086 ; # 1077 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1083 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; ripple- # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1089 ; # 1072 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; imparting # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; modesty # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1074 ; thriftinstitutions # 1089 ; # 1073 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; # 1091 ; # 1095 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1078 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; involvement # 8211 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1094 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; , # 1076 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1103 ; rate # 8211 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1074 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; , # 1082 ; # 1091 ; # 1088 ; # 1089 ; fees # 1089 ; # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; Investments # 1048 ; # 1085 ; # 1074 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1094 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; Loans # 8211 ; # 1082 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1076 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; , # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; Withdrawal # 8211 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; , # 1089 ; # 1085 ; # 1103 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; , # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; Rapid # 8211 ; # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; , # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; economicparalysis # 1101 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1095 ; # 1072 ; abartersystem # 1073 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; consumer # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1073 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; issued # 8211 ; # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1087 ; # 1091 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; , # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1076 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ;

Time Value of Money and Present Value Essay Example

Time Value of Money and Present Value Paper Date: 14/11/2012 52. Annuities: You are saving for the college education of your two children. They are two years apart in age; one will begin college 15 years from today and the other will begin 17 years from today. You estimate your children’s college expenses to be $23,000 per year per child, payable at the beginning of each school year. The annual interest rate is 5. 5 percent. How much money must you deposit in account each year to fund your children’s education? Your deposits begin one year from today. You will make your last deposit when your oldest child enters college. Assume four years of college Solution: Cost of 1 year at university = 23,000 N=4 I=5. 5% PMT=23,000 CPT PV = 80,618. 45 For the first child the PV = 80,618. 45/ (1. 055) ^14 = $38,097. 81 For the second child the PV = 80,618. 45/ (1. 055) ^16 = $34,229. 07 Therefore the total cost today of your children’s college expense will be the addition of the 2 = $72,326. 88 This is the present value of my annual savings, which are an annuity, so to get the amount I am supposed to save each year would be: PV=72,326. 88 N=15 I=5. 5 CPT PMT = 7,205. 6 57. Calculating Annuity Values: Bilbo Baggins wants to save money to meet three objectives. First, he would like to be able to retire 30 years from now with retirement income of $25,000 per month for 20 years, with the first payment received 30 years and 1 month from now. Second, he would like to purchase a cabin in Rivendell in 10 years at an estimated cost of $350,000. Third, after he passes on at the end of the 20 years of withdrawals, he would like to leave an inheritance of $750,000 to his nephew Frodo. He can afford to save $2,100 per month for the next 10 years. If he can earn an 11 percent EAR before he retires and an 8 percent EAR after he retires, how much will he have to save each month in years 11 through 30? Solution: We will write a custom essay sample on Time Value of Money and Present Value specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Time Value of Money and Present Value specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Time Value of Money and Present Value specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer First we get the FV of the 2,100 savings over 10 years Bilbo Baggins can afford to save $2,100 dollars per month for the next 10 years therefore at 10 years he would have saved: PMT = 2,100 I = 10. 48 / 12 = 0. 873 N = 10 x 12 = 120 CPT FV = $442,201. 15 So after 10 years he would be able to purchase his yacht at the price of $350,000, and he would be left with a balance of $92,201. 15 This $92,201. 15 will be our current PV at year 10. At year 30, the year when Bilbo retires, the $92,201. 15 would become 92,201. 15*(1. 11) ^20 = $620,283. 23 Second we have to find out how much the inheritance of 750,000 would be at year 30: 750,000/1. 8^20= $160,911. 16 Third In order for him to be able to withdraw a sum of 25,000 per month for the next 20 years after his retirement, we should now calculate this annuity’s present value: N= 20 x 12 = 240 I= 7. 72 / 12 = 0. 643 PMT= 25,000 CPT PV = $3,052,135. 26 Adding up the PV’s of the $750,000 and the annuity, we will get $3,213,046. 32 We will subtract the future value at year 30 of the $92,201. 15 ($620,283. 23) which we saved at year 10 from $3,213,046. 32 to get $2,592,763. 09 We are now left with an annuity that pays $2,592,763. 09 at year 30, and a time period of 20 years (yr11-30) To calculate the yearly PMT, we have FV= $2,592,763. 09 I= 10. 48 / 12 = 0. 873 N= 20 x 12 = 240 CPT PMT = 3,207. 33 Therefore the monthly PMT Bilbo would have to save each month through years 11-30 would be = $3,207. 33 34. Valuing bonds: Mallory Corporation has two different bonds, currently outstanding. Bond M has a face value of $20,000 and matures in twenty years. The bond makes no payments for the first six years, then pays $1,200 every 6 months over the subsequent eight years, and finally pays $1,500 every 6 months over the last years. Bond N also has a face value of $20,000 and a maturity of 20 years; it makes n coupon payments over the life of the bond. If the required return on both these bonds is 10% compounded semiannually, what is the current price of bond M? Of bond N? Solution: The price of a bond is equal to PV of expected future cash flows Bond M: Face value 20,000 Present value of 20,000 = 20,000/ (1. 05) ^40 = $2,840. 91 First we need to get the present value of the annuity for the 1,500 semiannual PMTs at year 14 Present Value of Annuity = $13,295 $13,295 becomes $3,391 at year 0 We then get the annuity of the 1,200 semiannual PMTs at year 6, and then at Present Value $13,005 at year 6 with a PV of $7,242 at year 0 The sum of the 3 PV’s gives us the value of the bond ,841 + 3,391 + 7,242 = $13,474 Bond N Face value 20,000 Present value of 20,000 = 20,000/ (1. 05) ^40 = $2,840. 91 38. Non-constant growth: Storico Co. just paid a dividend of aud 3. 5 per share. The company will increase its dividend by 20% next year, and will then reduce its dividend growth rate by 5% per year, until it reaches the industry average o f 5% industry average growth, after which the company will keep a constant growth rate forever. If the required return on Storico stock is 13%, what will a share of stock sell for today? Solution  : D0 = $3. 5 D1= 3. 5*1. 2= $4. 2 D2= 4. 2*1. 15= $4. 3 D3=4. 83*1. 1= $5. 31 D4=5. 31*1. 05= $5. 58 Since the first 4 periods are different we get the PV of each one alone, then as of the 4th year we get the perpetuity of the rest, and sum them up to get the final NPV We now get the PV of each Dividend PV D1 = 4. 2/ (1. 13) = $3. 72 PV D2 = 4. 83/ (1. 13) ^2 = $3. 78 PV D3 = 5. 31/ (1. 13) ^3 = $3. 68 So the PVs of D1+D2+D3 = $11. 18 NPV of perpetuity at constant growth = 5. 58(0. 08) / (1. 13) ^3 = 69. 75 / (1. 13) ^3 = $48. 34 NPV perpetuity + NPV dividends = NPV price of stock today 48. 34 + 11. 18 = $59. 52

Free Essays on Gambiling

At first it may be a scratch of a lotto ticket, but eventually it could be stealing to support an addiction. Americans love to roll the dice, bet on the game, try their luck at lottery tickets, or even try to master video machines that spit out an occasional coin (Controlling Add. to Gambling). Gambling has become increasingly legitimate and socially acceptable in the United States. According to Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Weekly, with gambling being one of our fastest growing industries, it attracts more customers than baseball games or movies (Legalized Gambling Increases, Treatment Needs 1). The proliferation of gambling has entertained millions of people, but it has done so at a steep price. To some people, it is only a game, but to many gambling is a serious addiction, becoming an uncontrollable behavior that can lead to financial and personal ruin. According to Economist Magazine, gambling addiction affects an estimated 3,000,000 Americans and statistics show that one out of every ten people who play the games will become a compulsive gambler. Gambling addictions have the same characteristics as other types of addictions, including mental preoccupation with the behavior, disregard for the negative consequences, loss of control, and progressive worsening of symptoms. In fact, these pathological gamblers tend to focus on the euphoric thrill of risking money in attempts to win more (Gambling on the Future). For some gamblers, a night of this entertainment is not dangerous, but the mark of the problem gambler is the progression from the five dollar table to the $50 table, from $1,000 bets to $100,000, and from gambling several hours a week to several hours a day. Acc ording to psychologist Robert Hunter, â€Å"The worst thing for a compulsive gambler is a big win to keep him in action† (Horn 34). Those obsessed with gambling, know the power that betting can hold over them. Arnie Wexler, a past gambler, now the executive direc... Free Essays on Gambiling Free Essays on Gambiling At first it may be a scratch of a lotto ticket, but eventually it could be stealing to support an addiction. Americans love to roll the dice, bet on the game, try their luck at lottery tickets, or even try to master video machines that spit out an occasional coin (Controlling Add. to Gambling). Gambling has become increasingly legitimate and socially acceptable in the United States. According to Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Weekly, with gambling being one of our fastest growing industries, it attracts more customers than baseball games or movies (Legalized Gambling Increases, Treatment Needs 1). The proliferation of gambling has entertained millions of people, but it has done so at a steep price. To some people, it is only a game, but to many gambling is a serious addiction, becoming an uncontrollable behavior that can lead to financial and personal ruin. According to Economist Magazine, gambling addiction affects an estimated 3,000,000 Americans and statistics show that one out of every ten people who play the games will become a compulsive gambler. Gambling addictions have the same characteristics as other types of addictions, including mental preoccupation with the behavior, disregard for the negative consequences, loss of control, and progressive worsening of symptoms. In fact, these pathological gamblers tend to focus on the euphoric thrill of risking money in attempts to win more (Gambling on the Future). For some gamblers, a night of this entertainment is not dangerous, but the mark of the problem gambler is the progression from the five dollar table to the $50 table, from $1,000 bets to $100,000, and from gambling several hours a week to several hours a day. Acc ording to psychologist Robert Hunter, â€Å"The worst thing for a compulsive gambler is a big win to keep him in action† (Horn 34). Those obsessed with gambling, know the power that betting can hold over them. Arnie Wexler, a past gambler, now the executive direc...

Financial Reporting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial Reporting - Assignment Example The assets listed in Coca-Cola Company’s balance sheet are classified into two main categories, current and other assets. Current assets are divided into two sections, with the first one being cash and cash equivalents and short term investments (The Coca-Cola Company, 2013). All the other assets that do not make up part of current assets are the long-term assets that are listed individually. In a balance sheet, cash equivalents always appear with cash as the first of current assets. From research, it is noted that cash equivalents are non-cash assets that are highly liquid or can be converted into cash immediately. This means that cash equivalents are assets that can be readily sold or disposed of and converted into cash for immediate use. Just like cash, cash equivalents are usually low risk and return assets, meaning that their face value rarely changes much. From the annual report for The Coca-Cola Company, it can be seen that the total value for the total current liabilit ies for 2012 was $27,821,000,000 while the total value for the total current liabilities for 2011 was $24,283,000,000 (The Coca-Cola Company, 2013). It should be noted that 2012 was the most recent annual reporting period while 2011 was the previous annual reporting period for The Coca-Cola Company. ... The creditors expect to be paid at a future date, so they review the financial statements to see if the company will be able to pay its debts in time. The creditors will look at the balance sheet to determine if the company has enough current assets to pay immediate debts and if the company’s debts can be covered by the assets that it owns. The creditors will also look at the annual reports to assess the liquidity of the company should it need to pay its debts immediately. Conversely, investors are the people who own the company, mostly in the form of shareholding. In any investment, the investors look to earn a return on their investment and get a return for their investment. This means that information contained in the balance sheet and income statements is important to the investors. The investors will look at dividends paid out to determine if they will earn a return on their investment, that is whether they will make a profit by investing in the company. The investors wil l also want to be sure that their original investment is paid back, so they look at the current assets and current liabilities to know if they will get paid the value of their investment. Finally, the employees of the company are assumed to want to work for the company for as long as possible. This means that the employees of the company expect the company to be a going concern, meaning that the company is expected to have sound performance and look to be profitable. To determine this, the employees of the company will look at the financial information presented in the balance sheet and income statements to determine if the company is growing or failing.

Service Learning Project Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Service Learning Project Paper - Essay Example I was looking forward, with a lot of enthusiasm, for the day to arrive when we would participate in the volunteering work. My main role in the service learning project was to supervise the whole exercise and to ensure that everything went on well as planned. As the supervisor of the project, I guided my group members in carrying out the activities that we were asked to do in the non-profit organization. To guide my colleagues well in the volunteering project, I took the initiative to start working, i.e. storing shoes, cleaning, and vacuuming the carpet. My colleagues followed suit and within the three allocated hours we had done a lot of work for the non-profit organization. After completing the work, I felt that everything went on well as planned. This is because by the end of the three hours that we were supposed to work, we had completed all the tasks that were allocated to us. However, although everything went on well as planned, there was room for improvement. This is because many of us were not familiar with the work environment and the employees of the organization whom we were working with. For this reason, we did not relate as closely as we ought to have related with the employees of the organization. Had we visited the organization prior to going for the volunteer work, we could have familiarized ourselves well with the environment and the employees of the organization and this could have led to a more productive relationship between us and the employees of the non-profit organization. After working together, I feel that my team had a real spirit of team work. This is because we worked well together and all of us seemed quite enthusiastic about the work. The only thing that I feel we should have done differently as a group is visiting the organisation together to familiarize ourselves with the environment and the employees of the organisation before going for the volunteer work. I, however, feel

Divine Power and Divine Retribution in Jose Saramago’s Blindness Essay Example for Free

Divine Power and Divine Retribution in Jose Saramago’s Blindness Essay Divine Power and Divine Retribution in Jose Saramago’s Blindness Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Often, writers in literature pilfer from the world of reality in their quest to present compelling characters and gripping plots. Nonetheless, others replicate the real world in an abstract sense to sensitize or communicate the malicious and malignant threats, epidemics and plagues prevalent in the world. Such episodes of these phenomena inflict mass threats and destructions, nefarious villains as well as innocent victims who apparel and enthrall novelists. In some instances, divine retribution follows the nefarious villains as well as grapples the ignorant innocent victims. This is well presented by Jose Saramago in his epic novel, Blindness. This paper explores divine power as well as divine retribution in the book Blindness by Jose Saramago arguing that divinity intervention follows in instituting justice. Besides, divinity intervenes to punish ignorance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indeed, the novel does not state explicitly that the onus of the swiftly hitting epidemic is resultant from the hands of a divine power such as God. However, the author does not resist writing on a divine power, God. This is because Jose Saramago introduces and trails the action of the churches in supplementing the government’s effort to contain the situation. Moreover, there are multiple references to church leaders all observable in the novel. Besides, Jose Saramago’s presentation in the novel suggests that divine retribution followed a nefariously villainous person. He or she was inflicted or struck with blindness. Additionally, it is interesting to note that literal authors cannot write a masterful work in a spiritual, religious or cultural vacuum. Deductively, it is evident that Saramago alludes to divine intervention and divine retribution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interestingly, the Blindness novel depicts a thrilling plot with an incessantly straying narrator from presentation of dialogues and facts to reflection on moral academic and ethical analysis at great lengths. Divine intervention and retribution features at the onset of the story in the first page. It is here that the author dexterously delineates in detail the expected features at an ordinary road intersection. These include flickering of lights and pedestrians crossing the road. Everything is a routine, and the events unfold as usual. However, a car at the intersection does not move or give way to the traffic behind, in spite of the flickering green light, creating an unusual situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The author is innate to this situation and goes on to consider rational motives behind the car’s stillness. He states, â€Å"there have to be some mechanical flaws, a loose accelerator, a stuck gear level, suspension problems† (1-2) and many other listings of things that could have gone wary. This situation does not go unnoticed because a bystander comes to the attention of the driver. He opens the door catching the attention of the driver as well as the reader. It then dawns to the reader that the driver was struck with blindness. This is rather bellowing and discomforting. It is not incidental that blindness just hit the driver cum blind. The cause of the blindness can only be explained in terms of divine retribution or intervention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Saramago twists and turns the novel literally betwixt calamities. The â€Å"Good Samaritan† that came to the aid of the blind man later emerges that he is a thief. On driving the old man home, he steals his car. It is rather ironical that the good natured helper turns to be an immodest, insensitive and hands down thief. Indeed, it is immoral for an able person to take advantage of a handicapped person and exploit them taking advantage of their helplessness. The reader is appareled by the thief and only wishes for divine punishment. Therefore, the thief’s catching of blindness comes as a sigh of relief to the reader for what he or she considers as an immoral and ungracious act.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The scene of people being struck with blindness becomes an incessant phenomenon in the following pages. The narrator trails the lives of victims, and it emerges that they all had crossed paths one way or another. It is here that the narrator philosophizes divine retribution and intervention as calamity strikes the nation ravaging and resulting to outbursts among people with â€Å"I’m blind, I’m blind† uproars. In a series of skits between philosophical argument and conventional wisdom, the narrator presents a vivid account of the actions and motives of the escort and the car thief. Finally, blindness strikes these characters long before the narrator can conclude on the cause of the plague. Interestingly blindness strikes immediately without any bouts to announce its arrival. Divine retribution causes a fierily spread of the plague without a scientific explanation or physical symptoms. Blindness strikes swiftly, strange ly and impartially. For instance, the doctor realizes that he too is blind while watching television. The plague replicates in nature and strangeness to ancient floods and plagues that were acts of divine retribution such as in the bible.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A clout to divine retribution is protracted from the doctor’s wife. She is the only victim of blindness who separates human flaws and godly affairs thereby attributing the epidemic to divinity. According to her, â€Å"this is unbearable filth of the soul of a human. Of the human body† (279). According to the narrator, â€Å"she said, as if to correct this metaphysical thought, then she added, it is all the same† (Saramago 279). The reader is left the quarry of the thoughts of divine power and retribution. Arguably though, why does divine power not punish the malicious and nefarious villains, as well? Thomas Talbott in his article, â€Å"Punishment, Forgiveness and Divine Judgment† argues that retributivist punishment theory. He justifids punishment by questioning if the punishment befits the error or crime committed. Therefore, punishment is not a rehabilitation or crime deterrence tool but a justice and equalit y feature (Talbott, 154).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Just like other narrations, the Blindness narrator is obsessed with the behavior of people when put under extreme conditions. It is interesting to see the huge and expansive wary and panic among people following the blindness plague. Indeed, such a mega scale panic and social disarray contends the prevalence of a divine power with much stronger abilities than man can think. Different institutions in the society fall and crumble thanks to the plague for fear of the plague. The military cannot contain the massively and swiftly spreading plague create a heat of battle and confusion amidst the crisis. The government is also initiated into the crisis. It imposes a quarantine effort to control the contagion unsuccessfully resulting to collapse of the media, military and businesses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Divinity fabling is also evident in the identity of the characters in the novel. For instance, the author does not give them real names but rather opts to identify them in generic form. For instance, there is the blind man, the Good Samaritan cum the car thief, the doctor, the doctor’s wife among many others. The book begins with the first blind man trailing him as his eyesight elopes while at an intersection, in his car. The first blind man is rescued by the Good Samaritan who takes him home. Later on, the good Samaritan steals his car and eventually loses sight. Indeed, divine retribution strikes and the thief is blinded just like other noble souls. The level of blindness infliction is as a resultant of divinity. It trails people who have crossed paths. For instance, the doctor was struck with blindness. Interestingly, he had attempted to treat the first blind man. People who had sat at the waiting room also got struck with blindn ess.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Saramago presents the proclamations of the churches and the church leaders, as well. They preached the end times claiming that the world was coming to an end. The narrator states, â€Å"they were proclaiming the end of the world†. He adds that they preached, â€Å"redemption through the visions of the seventh days, through penitence, †¦the purity and sanctity of the lymph, the black cat’s blood, the sleep of the shadow, the logic of anthropophagy, the rising of sea, painless castration and mainly divine tattoos..† (Saramago, 298). This presents the existence of divine power that claimed the people. References Cooper, Kate, and Thomas Talbot. Punishment, Forgiveness and Divine Judgment. Retribution, repentance, and reconciliation: papers read at the 2002 Summer Meeting and the 2003 Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Published for the Ecclesiastical History Society by the Boydell Press, 2004. 154. Print. Saramago, JoseÃÅ' . Blindness: a novel. New York: Harcourt, 1998. Print. Source document

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay -- I Know Why The Caged Bird Si

In the autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, the main character Marguerite Johnson, is influenced by a preponderance of characters including Bailey Jr. , Momma Henderson, and Mrs. Bertha Flowers. One of the primary influences is her older brother, Bailey Jr.. Momma, or Annie Henderson, the parental grandmother, also plays an important role for Maya. Additionally, Mrs. Flowers, the black aristocrat of Stamps, saves Maya during an especially difficult time. All in all, these three characters act as important role models in the development of Marguerite through her juvenile years. First, Bailey Jr. serves as the most significant role in the protagonist’s young life. In the novel, Maya distinguishably states, â€Å" I would be the major loser if Bailey turned up dead. For he was all I claimed, if not all I had.† Bailey is one year senior to the main character, however, it makes no difference, for they both share many of the same interests, such as reading poems and playing games. When Angelou was eight, she and Bailey moved to St. Louis to live with their mother Vivian, and her mother’s boyfriend Mr. Freeman; soon after, Mr. Freeman sexually molests and rapes the young child; after such a horrid experience, the central character only speaks to Bailey who comforts and supports her. To sum up, Bailey gives much confidence to Marguerite throughout their childhood together. Second, Annie Henderson influences her granddaughter as an all powerful role model. For example, â€Å"Mo... I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay -- I Know Why The Caged Bird Si In the autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, the main character Marguerite Johnson, is influenced by a preponderance of characters including Bailey Jr. , Momma Henderson, and Mrs. Bertha Flowers. One of the primary influences is her older brother, Bailey Jr.. Momma, or Annie Henderson, the parental grandmother, also plays an important role for Maya. Additionally, Mrs. Flowers, the black aristocrat of Stamps, saves Maya during an especially difficult time. All in all, these three characters act as important role models in the development of Marguerite through her juvenile years. First, Bailey Jr. serves as the most significant role in the protagonist’s young life. In the novel, Maya distinguishably states, â€Å" I would be the major loser if Bailey turned up dead. For he was all I claimed, if not all I had.† Bailey is one year senior to the main character, however, it makes no difference, for they both share many of the same interests, such as reading poems and playing games. When Angelou was eight, she and Bailey moved to St. Louis to live with their mother Vivian, and her mother’s boyfriend Mr. Freeman; soon after, Mr. Freeman sexually molests and rapes the young child; after such a horrid experience, the central character only speaks to Bailey who comforts and supports her. To sum up, Bailey gives much confidence to Marguerite throughout their childhood together. Second, Annie Henderson influences her granddaughter as an all powerful role model. For example, â€Å"Mo...

Keeping Her Nose in Front Essay

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The Theory And Magic Bullet Theory - 767 Words

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